Why are we printing this information? The more you understand your environment, the more you can protect yourself from getting into problems with your environment. The Bible is about bringing light to secrecies to help us get through this life on a planet which is not conducive to born again believers.
IN THE LATE 1980S, IN A DECISION IT PROBABLY REGRETS, THE US
PROMPTED NEW ZEALAND TO JOIN A NEW AND HIGHLY SECRET GLOBAL INTELLIGENCE
SYSTEM. HAGER'S INVESTIGATION INTO IT AND HIS DISCOVERY OF THE
ECHELON DICTIONARY HAS REVEALED ONE OF THE WORLD'S BIGGEST, MOST
CLOSELY HELD INTELLIGENCE PROJECTS. THE SYSTEM ALLOWS SPY AGENCIES
TO MONITOR MOST OF THE WORLD'S TELEPHONE, E-MAIL, AND TELEX COMMUNICATIONS.
by Nicky Hager from his book CAQSecretPower.html SECRET POWER
For 40 years, New Zealand's largest intelligence agency, the Government
Communications Security Bureau (GCSB) the nation's equivalent
of the US National Security Agency (NSA) had been helping its
Western allies to spy on countries throughout the Pacific region,
without the knowledge of the New Zealand public or many of its
highest elected officials. What the NSA did not know is that by
the late 1980s, various intelligence staff had decided these activities
had been too secret for too long, and were providing me with interviews
and documents exposing New Zealand's intelligence activities.
Eventually, more than 50 people who work or have worked in intelligence
and related fields agreed to be interviewed.
The activities they described made it possible to document, from
the South Pacific, some alliance-wide systems and projects which
have been kept secret elsewhere. Of these, by far the most important
is ECHELON.
Designed and coordinated by NSA, the ECHELON system is used to
intercept ordinary e-mail, fax, telex, and telephone communications
carried over the world's telecommunications networks. Unlike many
of the electronic spy systems developed during the Cold War, ECHELON
is designed primarily for non-military targets: governments, organizations,
businesses, and individuals in virtually every country. It potentially
affects every person communicating between (and sometimes within)
countries anywhere in the world. It is, of course, not a new idea
that intelligence organizations tap into e-mail and other public
telecommunications networks. What was new in the material leaked
by the New Zealand intelligence staff was precise information
on where the spying is done, how the system works, its capabilities
and shortcomings, and many details such as the codenames.
The ECHELON system is not designed to eavesdrop on a particular
individual's e-mail or fax link. Rather, the system works by indiscriminately
intercepting very large quantities of communications and using
computers to identify and extract messages of interest from the
mass of unwanted ones. A chain of secret interception facilities
has been established around the world to tap into all the major
components of the international telecommunications networks. Some
monitor communications satellites, others land-based communications
networks, and others radio communications. ECHELON links together
all these facilities, providing the US and its allies with the
ability to intercept a large proportion of the communications
on the planet.
The computers at each station in the ECHELON network automatically
search through the millions of messages intercepted for ones containing
pre-programmed keywords. Keywords include all the names, localities,
subjects, and so on that might be mentioned. Every word of every
message intercepted at each station gets automatically searched
whether or not a specific telephone number or e-mail address is
on the list.
Six UKUSA station target Intelsat satellites used to relay-and
to intercept-most of the world's e-mail,fax, and telex communications.
The thousands of simultaneous messages are read in "real
time" as they pour into the station, hour after hour, day
after day, as the computer finds intelligence needles in telecommunications
haystacks.
The computers in stations around the globe are known, within
the network, as the ECHELON Dictionaries. Computers that can automatically
search through traffic for keywords have existed since at least
the 1970s, but the ECHELON system was designed by NSA to interconnect
all these computers and allow the stations to function as components
of an integrated whole. The NSA and GCSB are bound together under
the five-nation UKUSA signals intelligence agreement. The other
three partners all with equally obscure names are the Government
Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) in Britain, the Communications
Security Establishment (CSE) in Canada, and the Defense Signals
Directorate (DSD) in Australia.
The alliance, which grew from cooperative efforts during World
War II to intercept radio transmissions, was formalized into the
UKUSA agreement in 1948 and aimed primarily against the USSR.
The five UKUSA agencies are today the largest intelligence organizations
in their respective countries. With much of the world's business
occurring by fax, e-mail, and phone, spying on these communications
receives the bulk of intelligence resources. For decades before
the introduction of the ECHELON system, the UKUSA allies did intelligence
collection operations for each other, but each agency usually
processed and analyzed the intercept from its own stations.
Under ECHELON, a particular station's Dictionary computer contains
not only its parent agency's chosen keywords, but also has lists
entered in for other agencies. In New Zealand's satellite interception
station at Waihopai (in the South Island), for example, the computer
has separate search lists for the NSA, GCHQ, DSD, and CSE in addition
to its own.
Whenever the Dictionary encounters a message containing one of
the agencies' keywords, it Every word of every message intercepted
at each station gets automatically searched - whether or not a
specific telephone number or e-mail address is on the list. It
automatically picks it and sends it directly to the headquarters
of the agency concerned. No one in New Zealand screens, or even
sees, the intelligence collected by the New Zealand station for
the foreign agencies. Thus, the stations of the junior UKUSA allies
function for the NSA no differently than if they were overtly
NSA-run bases located on their soil.
The first component of the ECHELON network are stations specifically
targeted on the international telecommunications satellites (Intelsats)
used by the telephone companies of most countries. A ring of Intelsats
is positioned around the world, stationary above the equator,
each serving as a relay station for tens of thousands of simultaneous
phone calls, fax, and e-mail. Five UKUSA stations have been established
to intercept the communications carried by the Intelsats.
The British GCHQ station is located at the top of high cliffs
above the sea at Morwenstow in Cornwall. Satellite dishes beside
sprawling operations buildings point toward Intelsats above the
Atlantic, Europe, and, inclined almost to the horizon, the Indian
Ocean. An NSA station at Sugar Grove, located 250 kilometers southwest
of Washington, DC, in the mountains of West Virginia, covers Atlantic
Intelsats transmitting down toward North and South America. Another
NSA station is in Washington State, 200 kilometers southwest of
Seattle, inside the Army's Yakima Firing Center. Its satellite
dishes point out toward the Pacific Intelsats and to the east.
The job of intercepting Pacific Intelsat communications that cannot
be intercepted at Yakima went to New Zealand and Australia. Their
South Pacific location helps to ensure global interception. New
Zealand provides the station at Waihopai and Australia supplies
the Geraldton station in West Australia (which targets both Pacific
and Indian Ocean Intelsats).
Each of the five stations' Dictionary computers has a codename
to distinguish it
from others in the network. The Yakima station, for instance,
located in desert country between the Saddle Mountains and Rattlesnake
Hills, has the COWBOY Dictionary, while the Waihopai station has
the FLINTLOCK Dictionary. These codenames are recorded at the
beginning of every intercepted message, before it is transmitted
around the ECHELON network, allowing analysts to recognize at
which station the interception occurred.
New Zealand intelligence staff has been closely involved with
the NSA's Yakima station since 1981, when NSA pushed the GCSB
to contribute to a project targeting Japanese embassy communications.
Since then, all five UKUSA agencies have been responsible for
monitoring diplomatic cables from all Japanese posts within the
same segments of the globe they are assigned for general UKUSA
monitoring. Until New Zealand's integration into ECHELON with
the opening of the Waihopai station in 1989, its share of the
Japanese communications was intercepted at Yakima and sent unprocessed
to the GCSB headquarters in Wellington for decryption, translation,
and writing into UKUSA-format intelligence reports (the NSA provides
the codebreaking programs).
(http//
www.mediafilter. org/PoMoWar.html -- Covert Action Quarterly
No 59)